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Useful Tips

The most important tips​

You don't have to remember command names​

To execute a command, type Alt-X, followed by the first few characters of the command name.

For more details, see the commands tutorial.

Learn to use clones​

Clones are "live" copies of the node itself and all its descendants. See the clones tutorial for more details.

Learning to use Leo​

Move clones to the last top-level node​

Focus your attention on the task at hand by cloning nodes, including @file nodes, then moving those clones so they are the last top-level nodes in the outline. This organization allows you to work on nodes scattered throughout an outline without altering the structure of @file nodes.

Put personal settings myLeoSettings.leo​

Put your personal settings in myLeoSettings.leo, not leoSettings.leo.

  • The leo-settings command opens leoSettings.leo.
  • The my-leo-settings command opens myLeoSettings.leo.
  • Copy the desired settings nodes from leoSettings.leo to myLeoSettings.leo.

Search for settings in leoSettings.leo​

leojsSettings.leojs contains the defaults for all of LeoJS settings, with documentation for each.

Useful commands and actions​

The find-quick-selected command​

The find-quick-selected Ctrl-Shift-F command finds all nodes containing the selected text.

The parse-body command​

The parse-body command parses p.b (the body text of the selected node) into separate nodes.

The sort-siblings command​

The sort-siblings (Alt-A) command sorts all the child nodes of their parent, or all top-level nodes.

Use Alt-N (goto-next-clone) to find "primary" clones​

Use Alt-N to cycle through the clones of the present cloned node. This command is a fast way of finding the clone whose ancestor is an @<file> node.

Use cffm to gather outline nodes​

The cff command (aka clone-find-flattened-marked) clones all marked nodes as children of a new node, created as the last top-level node. Use this to gather nodes throughout an outline.

Use Ctrl-P (Goto-Node) to navigate to any node​

Unlike the original Leo, in LeoJS, Ctrl-P opens an input box with a list of all nodes where you can start to type the headline of the node you want to select, it will restrict the choices as you type.

Scripting tips​

g.callers() returns a list of callers​

g.callers() returns the last n callers (default 4) callers of a function or method. The verbose option shows each caller on a separate line. For example:

g.trace(g.callers());

Use @button nodes​

@button nodes create commands. For example, @button my-command creates the my-command button and the my-command command. Within @button scripts, c.p is the presently selected outline node. @button nodes bring scripts to data.

Use cff to gather nodes matching a pattern​

The cff command (aka clone-find-flattened) prompts for a search pattern, then clones all matching nodes so they are the children of a new last top-level node. This command is a great way to study code.

Use g.trace to debug scripts​

The g.trace function prints all its arguments to the console. g.trace shows patterns in running code.

Use section references sparingly​

Use section references only when the exact position of a section within a file matters.

Here is a common pattern for @file nodes for python files:

<<imports>>

Use g.handleUnl to select nodes​

Leo's status area shows the path from the root node to the selected node. We call such paths UNLs (Uniform Node Locators). Given a UNL, g.handleUnl(unl, c) will select the referenced node. For example:

g.handleUnl('unl:gnx://leojsDocs.leojs#felix.20240825232344.32', c);

will select this node in LeojsDocs.leojs.